Gender Differences in Employment Participation in Yogyakarta

Didi Nuryadin; Ida Bagus Putu Cesario Putra Surayuda

doi:10.32535/jicp.v9i4.5177

Gender Differences in Employment Participation in Yogyakarta

Didi Nuryadin, Ida Bagus Putu Cesario Putra Surayuda

Abstract

This study examines gender differences in employment participation in the Special Region of Yogyakarta using cross-sectional data from the 2022 National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas). The analytical sample comprises 9,190 individuals. A linear probability model and a binary logit model are estimated for the full sample and separately for women and men. Education, household-head status, and the marital-status measure are positively associated with employment. Having a child aged 0–4 years is negatively associated with women’s employment, while no corresponding association is found for men. The presence of an older household member, disability, rural residence, and higher local unemployment are also negatively associated with employment. Electronic media access is negatively associated with women’s employment, whereas social media access is not statistically significant. Because the data are cross-sectional, the estimates represent conditional associations rather than causal effects. The findings support childcare provision, disability-inclusive employment policies, and stronger employment opportunities in rural areas

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v9i4.5177

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