The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Academic Performance among University Students

Daisy Mui Hung Kee; Min Zhe Tee; Tasnim Amani Abdul Razak; HaoJie Tang; Yii Thong Teng; Kartik Katoch; Vanshika Agrawal

doi:10.32535/apjme.v9i2.4741

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Academic Performance among University Students

Daisy Mui Hung Kee, Min Zhe Tee, Tasnim Amani Abdul Razak, HaoJie Tang, Yii Thong Teng, Kartik Katoch, Vanshika Agrawal

Abstract

In recent year,Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a crucial component in higher education, reshaping how students study, access information, and complete assignments.AI-powered tools, including chatbots, plagiarism detection software, and adaptive learning systems, enable more efficient, interactive, and personalised learning experiences. With increasing AI adoption in universities, understanding how these technologies affect students’ academic performance and learning behaviour is crucial. This study aims to examine the role of AI in enhancing academic performance among university students by focusing on perceived usefulness, ease of use, trust, risk, and learning engagement. Our findings indicate that Personalised Learning, Intelligent Feedback and AI-Driven Assessment & Learning Analytics significantly and positively affect university students academic performance. Among these, Personalised Learning and AI-Driven Assessment & Learning Analytics exerted the strongest influence on academic performance. These findings underscore the pivotal role of AI-driven tools in enhancing student behaviour and academic performance in higher education.

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence; Academic Performance; Learning Behavior; University

Full Text:

PDF

References

Anwar, A., Kee, D. M. H., & Ijaz, M. F. (2022). Social media bullying in workplace and its impact on work engagement: A case of psychological well-being. Information, 13(4), Article 165. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040165

Algayres, M. G., and Triantafyllou, E. (2020). Learning Analytics in Flipped Classrooms: A Scoping Review. Electron. J. E-Learning 18 (5), 397–409. https://doi:10.34190/jel.18.5.003

Al-Sharif, M. A. A. (2025). The impact of adaptive learning technologies, personalized feedback, and interactive AI tools on student engagement: The moderating role of digital literacy. Sustainability, 17(3), 1133. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031133

Adekunle, A. A., & Oyekunle, O. O. (2022). AI-driven assessment in Nigerian Universities:A review of the current state. Journal of Educational Technology, 41(3), 531-547

E. G. Rincón-Flores, E. López-Camacho, J. Mena and O. O. López, "Predicting academic performance with Artificial Intelligence (AI), a new tool for teachers and students," 2020 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Porto, Portugal, 2020, pp. 1049-1054, doi: 10.1109/EDUCON45650.2020.9125141

Fredricks, J.A.; Blumenfeld, P.C.; Paris, A.H. School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence. Rev. Educ. Res.2004, 74, 59–109.

Gan, K. H., & Kee, D. M. H. (2024). Unlocking the influence of psychosocial safety climate on work engagement and job satisfaction: Exploring the mediating role of job demands. Foresight, 26(5), 948–965. https://doi.org/10.1108/FS-09-2023-0173

Henderson, M., Ryan, T., and Phillips, M. (2019). The Challenges of Feedback in Higher Education. Assess. Eval. Higher Educ. 44 (8), 1237–1252.https://doi:10.1080/02602938.2019.1599815

Igwe, K. U., & Okeke, J. O. (2020). Assessing the readiness ofNigerian universities for AI-driven assessment. International Journal of Education and Information Technology,14(2), 1-9.Lajoie, S. P. (2015). Automated grading systems: A review of the literature. Journal of Educational Computing Research,52(4), 411-426.

Integration of Artificial Intelligence (A1) Driven Assessment Tools on the Academic Performance of Students in Public Universities in Rivers State. (2025). International Journal of Educational Management, Rivers State University., 1(1), 1-16. https://ijedm.com/index.php/ijedm/article/view/2

Ferguson, R., Macfadyen, L. P., Clow, D., Tynan, B., Alexander, S., & Dawson, S. (2014). Setting learning analytics in context: Overcoming thebarriers to large?scale adoption. Journal of Learning Analytics, 1(3),120–144. https://doi.org/10.18608/jla.2014.13.7

Kicken, W., Brand?Gruwel, S., & van Merriënboer, J. J. (2018). Scaffolding advice on task selection: a safe path toward self?directed learning in on?demand education. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 60(3), 223-239.

Koenka, A. C., & Anderman, E. M. (2019). Engagement with educational video games: Differences as a function of content features and individual student differences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(1), 82-100.

Koenka, A. C., & Anderman, E. M. (2019). Personalized feedback as a strategy for improving motivation and performance among middle school students. Middle School Journal, 50(5), 15-22.

Klašnja-Mili?evi?, A., & Ivanovi?, M. (2021). A Review of Adaptive Learning Systems in Higher Education. In Handbook of Research on E-Learning Systems for Applied Linguistics and AI(pp. 184-207). IGI Global.

Kasneci, E., Sessler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., Gasser, U., Groh, G., Günnemann, S., Hüllermeier, E., Krusche, S., Kutyniok, G., Michaeli, T., Nerdel, C., Pfeffer, J., Poquet, O., Sailer, M., Schmidt, A., Seidel, T., … Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, 102274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2023.102274

Kee, D. M. H., Jim, B. B., Amir, F. M. R., & Muqri, D. R. (2025). Screen time and university students’ life: Exploring the impact of smartphone usage on sleep quality, well-being, social behavior, and academic performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Education, 8(1), 93-109.

Kee, D. M. H., Cordova, M., & Khin, S. (2025). The key enablers of SMEs readiness in Industry 4.0. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 20(3), 1042–1062.

Luckin, R., & Cukurova, M. (2019). Designing educational technologies in the age of AI: A learning sciences driven approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(6), 2824–2838. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12861

Lee, L. Y. Y., Xia, J. K. P., & Kee, D. M. H. (2026). Green human resource management as a strategic tool for sustainability. Advancing Sustainability Through Technology Management, 1, 1–20.

Lim, T.-C., Goh, C. C., & Kee, D. M. H. (2026). E-invoicing for sustainable business: Challenges and opportunities. Advancing Sustainability Through Technology Management, 1, 155–176.

Mathur, G., Kee, D. M. H., & Banerjee, S. (2026). Building strategic resilience: Harnessing digital transformation for sustainability. Advancing Sustainability Through Technology Management, 1, 177–200.

Maghsudi, S., Lan, A., Xu, J., & van Der Schaar, M. (2021). Personalized education in the artificial intelligence era: what to expect next. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 38(3), 37-50.

Maghsudi, S., Rezaei, K., Alshehri, M., & Panahifar, F. (2021). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on E-learning and Higher Education. IEEE Access, 9, 15875-15885

Nurtayeva, T., Salim, M., Basheer Taha, T., & Khalilov, S. (2023). The influence of ChatGPT and AI tools on the academic performance. YMER, 22(06), 247–258. https://doi.org/10.37896/YMER22.06/26

Olakunle, O. A. (2024). The impact of personalized AI-driven learning paths on student engagement and academic performance at the University of Ilorin. National Open University of Nigeria.

Okoro, E. O., & Nwosu, A. C. (2022). Challenges and opportunities of AI-driven assessment in Nigerian universities. Journal of Educational Research and Innovation 12(1), 123-135.

Ramasamy Velar, V., & Kee, D. M. H. (2025). Sustainable project performance in remote working environments. Asian Education and Development Studies, 14(2), 183–204.

Ravi, T., Yusof, R., Koay, L. K., Teoh, Y. T., Thin, M. Y., Donold, T. A. A., Jannah, N. A. R., & Kee, D. M. H. (2024). Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) in customer’s purchase intentions on GrabFood. International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality in Asia Pacific, 7(2), 120–133.

Rubel, M. R. B., Islam, M. N., Kee, D. M. H., Rimi, N. N., & Bari, T. (2025). Toxic encounters at work: Does bullying fuel moral disengagement and turnover intentions? South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/23220937251375511

Sabeh, H. N., Kee, D. M. H., Mohammed, R. B., Albarwary, S. A., & Khalilov, S. (2025). ChatGPT in the Malaysian classroom: Assessing student acceptance and effectiveness through UTAUT2 and IS success models. 2025 IEEE 22nd International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD), 583–592. https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD64182.2025.10989952

Siemens, G., & Gaševi?, D. (2012). Guest editorial—Learning and knowledge analytics. Educational Technology & Society, 15(3), 1–2.

Teoh, K. B., & Kee, D. M. H. (2022). Psychosocial safety climate and burnout among Malaysian research university academicians: The mediating roles of job demands and work engagement. International Journal of Trade and Global Markets, 15(4), 471–496. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTGM.2021.10036936

Ullah, M. S., Khandakar, M. S. A., Aziz, M. A., & Kee, D. M. H. (2022). Technology enabling the new normal: How students respond to classes. Pakistan. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 23(4), 35–56. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v23i4.6295

Winstone, N., and Carless, D. (2019). Designing Effective Feedback Processes in Higher Education: A Learning-Focused Approach. London: Routledge.

Xu, W., Meng, J., Raja, S. K. S., Priya, M. P., & Devi, M. K. (2023). Artificial intelligence in constructing personalized and accurate feedback systems for students. International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing, 14(01), Article 2341001. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793962323410015

You, F., Kee, D. M. H., Chen, P., & Tan, G. P. L. (2025). Green leadership in action: How green human resource management and green engagement foster green behavior in Chinese enterprises. In M. Y. Yusliza, D. W. S. Renwick, J. Y. Yong, & N. L. Mohd Kamil (Eds.), Employee green behavior: Transforming HR for a sustainable tomorrow. Springer.

Zahra, M., & Kee, D. M. H. (2022). Influence of proactive personality on job performance of bank employees in Pakistan: Work engagement as mediator. International Journal of Management Studies, 29(1), 83–108. https://doi.org/10.32890/ijms2022.29.1.3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32535/apjme.v9i2.4741